HAZOP

Hazard and Operability (HAZOP / SAFOP) studies use a structured, collaborative approach to identify, assess, eliminate or minimize potential hazards present in Electrical Power System Installations to enhance the safety of personnel who will operate and maintain the equipment. Electrical systems can present significant risks to operation and maintenance personnel if they are not designed ,with safety and operation correctly taken into account. In the UK the Electricity at Work Regulations impose absolute requirements on Duty holders to control danger and prevent harm to employees involved in electrical activities. Similar requirements are stipulated in NFPA 70E. Electrical systems can present major hazards to operation and maintenance personnel if they are not designed with safety and operation properly taken into account.

An EHAZOP/SAFOP assessment typically comprises: Safety Analysis (SAFAN) which considers the layout of plant and facilities to assess potential hazards, System Security (ability to discriminate and isolate only affected faulted areas) and Operability Analysis (SYSOP), which considers the way the system is designed to function, reviewing the design intent, and assessing security of supply. It covers the main equipment items and auxiliaries including multiple supplies, on-site generation, changeover schemes, standby generation and UPS systems and Operator Task Analysis (OPTAN), which examines probable tasks to be undertaken by local and remote operators during both normal and abnormal conditions These three elements, when combined, form a complete EHAZOP/SAFOP assessment process. In the early stages of a project it is advisable to carry out a SAFAN and SYSOP once the basis of design is established. A complete SAFOP, including OPTAN, should be undertaken when the details of the design and the selected equipment have been established in enough detail. The EHAZOP/SAFOP methodology can also be applied to undertake the required EHAZOP/SAFOP assessments on existing installations as part of periodic safety reviews. A key deliverable is that the basis of safety is challenged and better understood by stakeholders. Courtesy: solutions.abb.com industrialautomation-consultingservices

Typical grade of stainless steel and application

a) 304 stainless steel round bar -- Shaft making for machinery , offers high resistance to corrosion and oxidation, in the chemical and atmospheric exposure, high weldability and has high fabricability too b) 316 stainless steel round bar--316 ss products perform better at higher temperatures and they have excellent tensile strength and weldability, and as 316 grade is considered premium, they can be used more effectively in the shafts. used in duct works, gate latches, heaters, in pump shafts and several other high pressure applications.etc. c) 202 stainless steel round bar--used in various construction projects. They are also used in pump shafts, dairy equipment, machine tools, The SS 202 Square bar material comes with high machinability and they produce long chips. Here, machining can be performed in annealed condition.

d) 410 stainless steel Plate--he SS410 Material shows a considerable amount of resistance in the atmospheric conditions, which includes water and different types of chemicals. It can be efficiently used in weak or diluted acid environments, they can also effectively resist the acids present in different food materials. e) 416 stainless steel Plate--The AISI 416 Plate material possesses a crystalline structure, which gets altered when exposed to an elevated temperature, followed by cooling at a specific rate. The Inox 416 Plate can be efficiently used in both domestic and commercial applications. f) 420 stainless steel Plate--The Stainless Steel 420 Plate can resist corrosion to the maximum when it is hardened and its surface is polished. It can effectively resist corrosion in different media like atmosphere, fresh water, foods, and acids Courtesy: https://www.sanghvienterprise.com/profile.html

Indian Government Initiatives for steel wire

 

The Indian government has been providing support and nurturing the growth of the steel wire industry through a number of policies. In 2017, the Indian government introduced the National Steel Policy (NSP) aiming to take India’s steel production capacity to 300 million metric tons by 2030, as well as enhancing India’s domestic consumption, producing high-quality steel and making India’s steel sector globally competitive. The NSP 2017 Policy was aimed to boost economic growth through measures such as meeting steel demand domestically through availability of raw materials and capacity additions and in a cost-effective manner.

steel wire 

The Indian government launched another major policy in 2019, called the Steel Scrap Recycling Policy, which provided a framework to facilitate and promote establishment of metal scrapping centers in India for scientific processing and recycling of ferrous scrap generated from various sources. Through this policy the government helped create a conducive ecosystem for the entrepreneurs and investors to establish scrapping centers in the country. This is to recycle and reuse scrap to produce high quality steel. This will ensure more steel production and, thus, reduce dependency on imports.

Under the recent Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme for Specialty Steel, launched in 2021, the government aims to promote specialty steel manufacturing in India, through attracting capital investment, generating employment as well as promoting technology up-gradation in the steel sector. With a major five-year financial outlay of INR 6322 crore, the scheme has taken up 67 applications from 30 companies in December 2022. This will attract a committed investment of INR 42,500 crore. The government’s support for the steel wire sector will help the industry to grow and meet the growing demand for steel wire products in India and around the world.

The government has also announced a policy for providing preference to domestically manufactured iron and steel products in government procurement. The government is providing incentives to put up steel wire plants in rural and semi-rural areas, providing export incentives for export of high carbon, alloy steel and spring steel wires, as well as reducing power tariffs for industries to make them a viable unit.

Thereby, there are positive chances for growth of cable and wire industries. Some Key Players are-

1.       SAIL

2.       TATA steel

3.       JSW

4.       Jindal

5.       AM/NS India

6.       POSCO

It was around 11.68% of the total export of Cable. The value of Cable exported from India in October 2020 was 101.49 USD million. Major countries where Cable was exported in October 2020 are USA(14.86), Bangladesh(8.27), Turkey(5.76), United Kingdom(5.51), Ethiopia(4.94).

Ref: https://www.wirecable.in

TPI Third party inspection of lifting equipment & lifting tools & tackles

Third Party Inspection of any product is the Inspection & Testing carried out by any person or Agency who is not Manufacturer or user of that particular product or service. Third Agency is always

 technically strong enough and competent to execute the checking and testing of all Technical Aspects of the equipment or service. In case of Lifting Equipment & Lifting Tools & Tackles, Govt. Approved / Authorized Competent Person carry out Inspection and testing of the products and certify to use them. State wise competent persons are authorized by State Govt. to carry out Inspection & testing of various products. Why TPI? – • Carrying out TPI of Lifting Equipment and Lifting Tools & Tackles is Statutory Norm / Requirement as prescribed in Factories Act. • Safety Level of the Equipment is enhanced, as competent person shall note down the loop holes during the inspection & testing and recommend or suggest corrective measures. • Equipment Manufacturer shall issue Mfr. Test Certificate by Self Attested way and define products’ attributes. However, Certificate issued by TPI (Competent Person) from the date of installation or from the date when product is first taken for use. Procedure: Procedure of Inspection & Testing is carried out strictly as per checklist developed individually. Competent Persons also offer their service as per the scope of work: 1). Thorough Inspection & Testing: Complete Technical Parameters are checked thoroughly. i. e. Brakes, Limit Switches, Wire Rope, Hook Blocks and other safety parameters. Operational Parameters are checked and measured. Load Testing at Proof Load and Over-Load. 2). Load Testing : First all operating parameters are checked and then, Load Testing at Proof Load and Over-Load is carried out. Format is issued on successful Inspection & Testing of the products. However, state wise this Form is different. Charges: Charges are different for different Scope of Work as well as for different capacity and different equipment. T.A. & D.A. Expenses are also to be considered, while asking for quotation to Third Party Inspection Service by Competent Person. Interval for Inspection & testing: • Ref: As directed in the Section-29 of Factories Act • Tests are carried out annually and Register should be maintained for every product to keep record regarding Health of the Products. Ref: https://www.cranesuperstore.com/

Electrical Inspection

CEA, The Central Electricity Authority (Measures relating to Safety and Electric Supply) Regulations, 2010 provides for: Certification of all HT installations by Electrical Inspector-

1. All new HT installations are to be inspected & certified by the Departmental Electrical Inspector before getting energized. The electric supply company extends the power supply only after clearance from the Electrical Inspector (Rule-43) 2. Regular inspection of existing Electrical installation at intervals not exceeding five Years (Rule-30) 3. Installation and testing of generating stations –no consumer or occupier shall commission his generating plant (DG set) without the approval of the inspector in writing (Rule – 32). 4. Further, as per Qualifications, Powers and Functions of Chief Electrical Inspector and Electrical Inspectors Rules, 2006 (G.S.R. 481(E)), No person shall be appointed to be an Electrical Inspector, unless- a) he possesses a degree in Electrical Engineering or its equivalent from a recognized University or Institution; and b) he has been regularly engaged for a period of at least ten years in the practice of electrical engineering, of which not less than one year has been spent in an electrical or mechanical engineering workshop or in generation or transmission or distribution of electricity, or in the administration of the Act and rules thereunder, in a position of responsibility. Electrical wing officers of the DoT, fulfilling the above eligibility requirements, are nominated as Electrical Inspector for Inspection/ Certification to ensure compliance of Electrical safety provisions, Lightning Protection, Aviation Light, Earthing in all the Telecom Electrical installations of BSNL/MTNL/C-DoT/DOP/DOT under the Ministry of Communications & Information Technology as per the provision of Central Electricity Authority (Measures relating to Safety and Electric Supply) Regulations, 2010. Ref: https://dot.gov.in/electrical-inspection